The electrification system utilised by Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB) for electric train operations is based on a 25 kV, 50 Hz alternating current (AC) system, in line with international standards for modern rail networks. This system supports KTM Komuter and Electric Train Service (ETS) operations.
Electric power is supplied by Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) at high voltage and channelled to traction substations, where it is stepped down to 25 kV AC. The power is then transmitted through the Overhead Catenary System (OCS) and collected by the train via pantographs.
Once onboard, the power is processed through transformers, converters and inverters before being delivered to the traction motors. The system is further enhanced by regenerative braking technology, which improves overall energy efficiency by returning surplus energy to the grid.
To ensure safe, stable and continuous train operations, the entire electrification network is equipped with comprehensive protection systems, grounding mechanisms and supply isolation features.
This integrated system reflects KTMB’s commitment to delivering efficient, sustainable and competitive rail transport services.
The total length of railway lines operated by Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB) spans 2,783 kilometres, including main lines, yards, loops and sidings.
Currently, 782 kilometres comprise electrified double-track lines, including the newly completed 192-kilometre stretch from Gemas to Johor Bahru, which was inaugurated in December 2025.
In addition, 681 kilometres consist of single-track lines connecting the Gemas–Tumpat corridor.
At present, the total operational track length stands at 1,655 kilometres, reflecting the active network supporting passenger and freight services nationwide.